一線社工的自我慈憫、自我照顧與心理健康之關係初探

Abstract

本研究旨在探討台灣一線社工的自我慈憫、自我照顧與心理健康三者之間的關聯，並檢驗自我照顧在自我慈憫與心理健康的中介效果。本研究採網路問卷調查法，問卷內容包含「個人背景資料」、「台灣版自我慈憫量表」、「自我照顧實踐量表(SCPS)」、「憂鬱焦慮與壓力量表中文版(DASS-21-C)」，以台灣現仍在職，且從事直接服務的一線社工為研究對象，共回收有效問卷309份，所蒐集之資料透過SPSS軟體，以描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數、皮爾森積差相關，以及多元階層迴歸、路徑分析等統計方式進行分析，所獲得的研究結果如下：一、一線社工的自我慈憫為中等程度，經歷困境時，一線社工「有時」能以自我慈憫的態度來對待自己。二、一線社工的自我照顧為中等程度，多數的一線社工僅「有些時候」會進行自我照顧。三、參與本研究的一線社工僅「偶爾」會出現憂鬱、焦慮、壓力的情形，上述負面狀態以「壓力」最高，「憂鬱」次之，「焦慮」最低。四、一線社工的「年齡」在壓力程度上達顯著差異；一線社工的「婚姻狀況」、「工作性質」在憂鬱程度上達顯著差異；一線社工的「工作性質」在焦慮程度上達顯著差異。五、控制住人口變項後，一線社工的自我慈憫對憂鬱、焦慮、壓力皆具有顯著預測力。六、控制住人口變項後，一線社工的自我慈憫與自我照顧對憂鬱、焦慮、壓力皆具有顯著預測力。 七、自我照顧在自我慈憫與壓力間，具有部分中介效果；自我照顧在自我慈憫與憂鬱間，具有部分中介效果；自我照顧在自我慈憫與焦慮間，具有部分中介效果。

最後，就本研究之結果，針對社會工作實務及未來學術研究提出建議，期能為一線社工的心理健康促進提供新的方向。This study aims to explore the relationships between self-compassion, self-care, and mental health among frontline social workers in Taiwan, and to examine the mediating effect of self-care on self-compassion and mental health.The study through an online questionnaire, which contains four parts:"Personal Background Information," "Self-Compassion Scale, Taiwanese Version," "Self-Care Practice Scale (SCPS)," and the "Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale, Chinese Version (DASS-21-C)." Participants were frontline social workers currently employed in Taiwan, providing direct services. A total of 309 valid questionnaires were collected. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, independent sample t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation, multiple hierarchical regression analysis and Hayes Process. The main findings of the study are as follows:1.Frontline social workers demonstrated a moderate level of self-compassion. indicating that they"sometimes" treat themselves with compassion during difficult times. 2.Frontline social workers demonstrated a moderate level of self-care, with the majority of them engaging in self-care practices only "occasionally." 3.Frontline social workers who participated in this study demonstrated an acceptable state of mental health. Among these, the perception of "stress" was the highest, followed by "depression," with "anxiety" being the lowest. 4.Frontline social workers of different ages exhibited statistically significant differences in the perception of stress; those with different marital statuses and types of employment exhibited statistically significant differences in the perception of depression; additionally, frontline social workers with different types of employment also exhibited statistically significant differences in the perception of anxiety.5.The predictive power of self-compassion on depression, anxiety, and stress among frontline social workers was established after controlling for demographic variables.6.The predictive power of self-compassion and self-care on depression, anxiety, and stress among frontline social workers was established after controlling for demographic variables.7.Self-care serves as a partial mediator in the relationship between self-compassion and depression; similarly, self-care partially mediates the relationships between self-compassion and anxiety, as well as between self-compassion and stress.Finally, recommendations based on the results are provided for social work practice and future academic research, to offer new directions for promoting the mental health of frontline social workers.