108課綱普通高中推薦選文脈絡研究

Abstract

本文聚焦於《十二年國民基本教育課程綱要》普高國文「推薦選文十五篇」的外部脈絡分析，探討課文背後的作者生平、時代背景、文本影響等因素，並嘗試補足現行教科書等教學資源在脈絡層面呈現不足的現象。透過文獻分析，筆者爬梳大量史料與學術研究，並援引普及讀物之詮釋觀點，進行補充與論述。論文依據艾布拉姆斯文學批評四座標理論，將正文分為「作家與作品」、「時代與作品（上）：時代造就作品」、「時代與作品（下）：作品敘寫時代」、「讀者與作品」四章，針對每篇選文擇取具有代表性且具備教學潛力的面向深入討論。例如，從〈赤壁賦〉探究蘇軾貶謫期間的心境變化與哲學思維；從〈勸和論〉與〈鹿港乘桴記〉探究清代及日治臺灣地方社會的歷史記憶；從〈出師表〉切入劉禪與諸葛亮間的政治互動與用人結構等。全篇旨在透過深入的脈絡重建，豐富課堂理解，期能有助於教學現場實踐課綱倡導的系統思考與批判思辨能力。This study focuses on the external contextual analysis of the fifteen recommended classical Chinese texts listed in the Curriculum Guidelines of 12-Year Basic Education for Senior High School Mandarin. It explores the authors’life stories, historical backgrounds, and the cultural and textual influences surrounding each work, aiming to address the contextual gaps often found in current textbooks and teaching resources. Through extensive literature review, the author draws on both academic research and popular interpretative works to offer supplementary perspectives and discussions.Guided by M. H. Abrams’ four-coordinate theory of literary criticism, the main body of the thesis is divided into four chapters: The Author and the Work, The Era and the Work (I): How the Times Shape the Text, The Era and the Work (II): How the Text Reflects the Times, and The Reader and the Work. Each chapter selects representative texts to examine in depth, highlighting pedagogical potential.Examples include: exploring Su Shi’s emotional and philosophical transformation during exile through “Ode to the Red Cliffs”; examining historical memory of local society in Qing and Japanese-ruled Taiwan through “On Reconciliation” and “A Bamboo Raft Ride in Lukang”; and analyzing the political dynamics and personnel structure between Liu Shan and Zhuge Liang via “Memorial on the Dispatch of Troops”. Overall, this thesis aims to enrich classroom understanding through contextual reconstruction, with the ultimate goal of supporting the curriculum's emphasis on systematic thinking and critical inquiry.