21世紀以來竹北市中地等級變動

Abstract

近年來新竹縣竹北市的工商業發展快速，有越來越多的高級商店進駐竹北市，改變了當地原先以農村為主的面貌。然而，在我國的官方定義中，竹北市至今仍被認定為新竹市的衛星都市，似乎與現況不符，因此本研究欲透過中地理論，重新界定竹北市的中地等級，並探討竹北市中地等級產生變動的因素。本研究奠基於臺灣各中地文獻研究，觀察竹北市與新竹市高級商店的種類與數量變化，作為討論竹北市中地等級變化的基礎，再透過資料統計及實地田野調查等方法，分別探究竹北市與新竹市的人口成長、薪資收入、對內及對外交通的便捷度與高級商店設立的關係。在高級商店的種類與數量部分，發現竹北市在近二十餘年可提供的高級商店服務種類與數量大幅提升，現今產業結構與新竹市類似，絕大多數高級商業服務或許已經不見得需要仰賴新竹市。在人口結構方面，竹北市的人口成長率明顯比新竹市高出數倍，薪資收入也日漸提高，已經趨近於新竹市的水準，這些高成長要素的顯著區，與竹北市高級商店分布密集區吻合，均集中於都市計劃區，而當地的人口結構，成為支撐高級商店可以持續經營的潛在消費者，對照新竹市的發展狀況，推測是受到新竹科學園區影響，產生空間鄰近性。從交通便捷度而言，雖然竹北市的車流量仍然比不上新竹市，但受惠於竹北都市計畫區的整體規劃，當地道路寬敞，可停車空間也明顯較多，交通相對方便的竹北市，吸引了當地及其他地區的消費者前往購物，也提升了高級商店業者在此設點的動機，竹北市可以提供的高級商業服務種類因而增加，使得竹北市的中地等級得以提升。In recent years, Zhubei City in Hsinchu County has experienced rapid industrial and commercial development, a lot of high-end commercial store opened in Zhubei City. It changed the rural landscape in the past. However, according to Taiwan’s official definition, Zhubei City is still a satellite city of Hsinchu City and it seems inconsistent with its current development. Therefore, this study will re-evaluate the central place level of Zhubei City through central place theory and discover the driving factor to changes in its central place level.This study is based on the other central place research in Taiwan and looks at how the types and numbers of high-end commercial store in Zhubei City and Hsinchu City have changed over time. These changes are used to help understand whether Zhubei’s central place level has shifted. Utilizing statistical analysis and field surveys, the study further explores the relationships among population growth, incomelevels, internal and external transportation accessibility, and the establishment of high-end commercial store in both Zhubei City and Hsinchu City.Regarding the types and quantities of high-end retail services, the findings reveal that over the past two decades, Zhubei City has seen a substantial increase in both the variety and number of such establishments. The current industrial and commercial structure of Zhubei City closely resembles that of Hsinchu City, and it appears that most high-end commercial services may no longer need to rely on Hsinchu City.In terms of population dynamics, Zhubei City has experienced a population growth rate several times higher than Hsinchu City, and the average income level has gradually increased to approach that of Hsinchu City. Notably, areas with high growth indicators overlap with districts densely populated with high-end establishments, most of which are concentrated in the urban planning areas.The demographic structure of these areas provides a stable consumer base for the continued operation of high-end retail, suggesting that the spatial proximity to Hsinchu Science Park may be a contributing factor to this trend.From the perspective of transportation accessibility, while Zhubei City still experiences less traffic volume compared to Hsinchu City, it benefits from well-planned urban planning areas, with wider roads and more available parking spaces. This relative convenience has attracted consumers both from within Zhubei City and neighboring regions, enhancing the incentive for high-end retailers to establish a presence in the area. As a result, the range of high-end commercial services available in Zhubei City has expanded, contributing to an overall elevation in central place level of Zhubei City.