袁宏道的浙江紀履及其影響

Abstract

袁宏道熱愛自然山水，在第一次解除官職後，來到浙江旅行了三個月，無論是他的精彩創作，還是推廣地方與人物，都對浙江產生深遠的影響。本研究以此為切入點，探討袁宏道在浙江的行跡與文學，梳理出袁宏道對西湖與徐渭的貢獻。研究從整理袁宏道的浙江紀履出發，重建袁宏道的旅遊路線，再結合圖像與文本，具體呈現出袁宏道的創作內容。袁宏道在浙江的大量創作中，以西湖的作品最精彩，他不只將自然與人文景觀寫得引人入勝，更開創出自己獨特的西湖印象，寫出代表之作。袁宏道認為山川有靈，還以評點的方式書寫自己對西湖的感觸，讓特別的寫作風格，成為西湖人文的一部份。此外，袁宏道掘發出紹興的文人──徐渭，稱其詩文為明代第一，並在人際互動中大力推廣，使得徐渭不再被埋沒於浙江一地，而漸漸成為全國性的重要文人。因此，袁宏道在浙江的旅程中，作為一個外地人為此地帶來許多後續發展，不僅增添了西湖的地方印象，還識出極具才華的人物徐渭。Yuan Hongdao, renowned for his deep affection for natural landscapes, embarked on a three-month journey through Zhejiang following his initial dismissal from official duties. His remarkable literary works and advocacy for local places and figures left a profound impact on the region. This study utilizes this experience as a focal point to examine Yuan Hongdao's travels and literary endeavors in Zhejiang, elucidating his contributions to West Lake and the scholar Xu Wei. The research begins with the compilation of Yuan Hongdao's travel records in Zhejiang, reconstructing his travel routes and integrating visual representations with textual content to concretely present his creative works. Among his extensive oeuvre in Zhejiang, his works related to West Lake are particularly outstanding. Yuan not only vividly depicted the natural and cultural landscapes but also forged a unique literary impression of West Lake, producing representative masterpieces.Believing that mountains and rivers possess a spirit, Yuan expressed his reflections on West Lake through evaluative commentary, establishing a distinctive writing style that became an integral part of the region's cultural identity. Additionally, Yuan discovered and promoted the Shaoxing-based scholar Xu Wei, praising his poetry and prose as exemplary of the Ming dynasty. Through his social interactions, Yuan actively disseminated this recognition, elevating Xu Wei from local obscurity to national prominence. Thus, during his journey through Zhejiang, Yuan Hongdao, as an outsider, not only enriched the local cultural image of West Lake but also identified and highlighted the exceptional talent of Xu Wei.