野柳地質公園遊憩承載量之推估研究

Abstract

野柳地質公園有著獨特且珍貴的地質景觀，是臺灣重要且知名的觀光景點之一，吸引許多國內外遊客前往觀賞。近年來，遊客人數大幅增加，過多的遊客量對野柳地質公園造成很大的壓力，像是遊憩品質的下降，或是珍貴地景的破壞。因此，需要透過遊憩承載量的概念來進行野柳地質公園的管理行動，以確保野柳地質公園在地景保育方面的永續經營。 本研究在兼顧地景保育與地景遊憩的考量之下，以「實質承載量」作為研究重點，並以可遊憩面積、容許遊客密度以及地景脆弱度三項指標，推估野柳地質公園最適宜的遊憩承載量。嘗試透過實質承載量的評估，比較野柳地質公園內，兩個景區在不同時間的承載量差異。並藉由野外實察抽樣記錄不同景區、不同月份的實際遊客人數與遊覽動線，並與實質承載量相比較，得以發現目前野柳地質公園有遊客超載的潛在問題，進而提出因應的管理行動方案。 本研究結果得知：1.第一區各月的瞬時實質承載量約124~457人之間，其中以6月瞬時實質承載量最高；而10月瞬時實質承載量最低。2.第二區除了2月出現極端值外，其他月份的瞬時實質承載量約314~447人之間，以6月最高，2月最低。3.遊客停留時間第一區約為15分鐘，第二區則為30分鐘，遊客總量管制可依此時間為單位，分區進行管理。4.就目前遊客之遊憩特性，並以全區為考量，以1小時為單位，則全區各月的瞬時實質承載量約為867~2,720人之間，以6月最高，2月最低。遊憩承載量評估之目的在於管理單位如何運用遊憩承載量模式所得之數值，憑以執行地景遊憩之管理行動，並因時因地制宜。本研究建立的遊憩實質承載量之評估方式與流程，未來可供具特殊地景特性的遊憩區或保護區，作為遊憩承載量評估之參考。Well-known for its unique and valuable geological landscape, Yehliu Geopark is an important and noted tourist attraction in Taiwan that attracts thousands of domestic foreign tourists every year. The number of visitors, however, increased significantly in recent years. Such an excessive amount of tourists presses great pressure on Yehliu Geopark, leading to its decline in the quality of recreation and destruction of precious landscapes. This study proposed that the concept of recreational carrying capacity should be applied to the geopark administration to ensure a sustainable operation in Yehliu Geopark. Considering landscape conservation and recreation, this study applied physical carrying capacity as the model and recreational area, visitor density and landscape vulnerability as three indicators to estimate the optimum recreational carrying capacity of Yehliu Geopark. This study assessed physical carrying capacity by comparing the differences of capacity on two areas at different times. The actual tourist numbers on different areas and in different months were sampled and recorded by field study. The results were then compared with physical carrying capacity of the geopark, pointing out a potential issue of tourist overload and a demand for responsive management plans. The study discovered that (1)The instant capacity in each month on the first area fell between 124 to 457 people, among which the capacity reached the maximum of instant capacity in June and the minimum in October. (2)The instant capacity on the second area reached the extreme value in February,whereas other months fell between 314 to 447 people with the highest tourist number in June and the lowest in February. (3)Visitors stayed for about 15 minutes on the first area and about 30 minutes on the second area. The result may be referred and applied to divisional management of carrying capacity control. (4)Considering the recreational features of visitors in a scale of the entire region and one hour as evaluative criteria, the instant capacity in each month of the entire region fell between 867 to 2,720 people with the largest amount in June and the smallest in February. The purpose of assessing recreational carrying capacity was to provide a reference for management department to employ the data to administrate the geopark according to local circumstances. The assessment model of physical carrying capacity established by this study would provide a model to recreational or protective area with similar landscape features regarding the assessment of their recreational capacities.