再現猶太文化與歷史：維也納、布拉格、柏林猶太博物館/社區之比較

Abstract

猶太博物館作為猶太文化和教育機構，致力於保護與展示相關遺產、歷史和傳統，旨在讓大眾了解猶太人千年來的經歷、對社會的貢獻、大屠殺前後的影響，以及提供反思、學習的平台促進文化交流，同時透過各種展覽和活動吸引不同年齡、背景的參觀者。本文所探討的三個猶太社區/博物館分別位於維也納、布拉格和柏林。維也納猶太博物館為世界首座，主要呈現奧地利猶太人的歷史；布拉格猶太社區雖經歷過破壞與重建，但多座猶太會堂依然保存完好，其豐富的館藏亦成為吸引全球參觀者的亮點之一；柏林猶太博物館除了特殊的建築設計外，還提供許多當代猶太議題供參觀者思考。期望透過田野調查、文獻分析等方法，從歷史、建築、教育意義等角度切入探討，比較三者異同之處及再現手法，同時研究身為猶太文化的傳播載體，如何以客觀角度帶領大眾了解其歷史背景與生活。As Jewish cultural and educational organizations, Jewish museums are dedicated to preserving and presenting relevant heritage, history, and traditions. It aims to enable the public to understand the Jewish experience over a thousand years, their contributions to society, the impact of the Holocaust, and to provide a platform for reflection and cultural exchange. They attract visitors of different ages and backgrounds through various exhibitions and activities.This thesis examines three Jewish museums/quarters in Vienna, Prague, and Berlin. The Jewish Museum Vienna, the world's first, primarily presents the history of Austrian Jews; the Prague Jewish Quarter, despite destruction and reconstruction, retains intact synagogues, and its rich collections are a highlight for visitors from all over the world; the Jewish Museum Berlin, in addition to its unique architectural design, offers many contemporary Jewish issues for visitors to consider. Through document analysis and observation during the fieldwork, the three Jewish communities will be explored from the perspectives of history, architecture, and educational significance, to compare their similarities, differences, and reproduction techniques. At the same time, to study how to lead the public to understand their historical backgrounds and their lives from an objective perspective as a carrier of Jewish culture.