警察人員查緝新興毒品經驗初探

Abstract

本研究探討警察人員在查緝新興毒品實務經驗中面對的困難挑戰及對新興毒品查緝工作的建議，採用質性研究方法，於2025年訪談6名警察人員，進行主題分析，研究結果如下：一、受訪者對新興毒品無明確定義標準，依據開始流行時間、是否列管及個人經驗判斷。新興毒品行話術語難掌握、交易與付款數位化、流通商業化、外觀與氣味難辨。雖然單位內無專責查緝新興毒品人員，仍然經常視個案狀況分工合作。二、受訪者觀察到新興毒品施用者以青少年和年輕族群為主，家庭狀況不穩定、成癮表徵不明顯。施用動機為追求新奇、替代傳統毒品或受同儕影響。取得來源以轉讓及網路購買為主，流通種類受地區與販賣者影響，價格與市場隨時間改變。三、受訪者表示查緝新興毒品的困難包括：須精準搜索藏放位置及快速辨識、施用者不配合查緝、交易聯絡藉由網路通訊軟體增加匿名性、司法機關對網路來源線索態度不同，增加查緝上游難度、查緝人力、經費與鑑定資源有限。四、受訪者建議強化專業分工，培養專才。落實主管機關權責，管制電子煙油等混充媒介。授權執法、增加人力、經費與獎勵。持續推動反毒教育及家庭通報機制。本研究建議政府強化監測通報新興毒品、跨領域合作；建議警察機關專責分工、提升裝備技術及業者溝通管道，檢討緝毒績效考核制度，融入預防思維。This study explored the challenges faced by police officers in their practical experience of patrolling new psychoactive substances (NPS) and their suggestions for improving related enforcement work. A qualitative research method was adopted, and six police officers were interviewed in 2025. The results were as follows:1. Participants lacked a standardized definition of NPS, relying instead on factors such as the time the substance began circulating, its legal status, and personal experience. Difficulties included unfamiliar slang and terminology, digitized transactions and payments, commercialization of circulation, and inconspicuous physical appearance or odor. Although no unit had personnel dedicated exclusively to NPS patrolling, ad hoc collaboration was arranged depending on the case.2. Users of NPS were primarily adolescents and young adults, often from unstable family backgrounds, with less apparent signs of addiction. Motivations for use included seeking novelty, substituting for traditional drugs, or being influenced by peers. Sources of acquisition were mainly transfers from others and online purchases, with the types of drugs in circulation shaped by local markets and individual dealers. Prices and market dynamics changed over time.3. The difficulties in patrolling NPS cited by participants included the need for precise searches of hiding locations and rapid identification; users’ refusal to cooperate during investigations; increased anonymity of transactions facilitated by online communication platforms; and inconsistent judicial attitudes toward online source evidence, which complicated upstream interdiction. Limitations in manpower, funding, and forensic identification resources further constrained enforcement efforts.4. Participants recommended strengthening professional specialization and cultivating expertise; clarifying the responsibilities of competent authorities and regulating adulterated media such as e-cigarette liquids; enhancing enforcement authority, manpower, budgets, and incentives; and continuing anti-drug education initiatives and family reporting mechanisms.The study recommends that the government establish a clear definition of NPS, strengthen monitoring and reporting mechanisms, and promote cross-sectoral collaboration. Police agencies should adopt specialized divisions, upgrade equipment and technology, improve communication channels with private sector entities, review and integrate prevention into performance evaluation systems.