關懷倫理學對未來博物館實踐之啟示：以大溪木藝生態博物館為例

Abstract

博物館不僅是文化資產保存機構，更是形塑多元未來價值的重要文化場域。生態博物館強調地方文化保存、社群參與及環境永續，然其實踐仍面臨文化與經濟發展平衡、社群參與機制建構，以及全球化與地方性倫理的挑戰。關懷倫理學以關係、責任與行動為核心，提供實踐導向的回應途徑。本研究透過關懷倫理學視角，探討生態博物館如何深化社會角色，發展兼顧地方文化保存與社群關懷的實踐模式。本研究以桃園市立大溪木藝生態博物館為個案對象，透過文獻分析、深度訪談與田野調查，建構「生態博物館關懷實踐模型」，驗證關懷倫理學的行動指引。研究發現，關懷倫理學的核心理念——關懷對象的多元性、地方關懷行動、社群互動與信任建構——與生態博物館實踐高度契合，可透過五大關懷核心面向分析（關懷對象的多元性、場域關懷、關係優先次序、承諾與信任、關懷與被關懷的學習），提供具體指引。研究結果顯示，透過「地方關懷共同體」與「關懷地方場域」的雙重架構，生態博物館可建構穩健的社群互動機制，並透過「敏銳知覺與立即行動」，靈活回應地方需求，促進文化動態保存與再生。研究進一步顯示，關懷倫理學與生態博物館實踐具有高度互補性。生態博物館回應關懷倫理學的倫理關切，並驗證其在文化場域的可行性；相對地，關懷倫理學則為生態博物館提供更具反思性的倫理視角，使其超越文化展示與文化資產保存層面，轉向關係建構、地方關懷與社群互惠。換言之，生態博物館的實踐賦予關懷倫理學更具體的應用場域，而關懷倫理學則深化生態博物館的社會使命與哲學意涵，推動其朝向「關懷導向的博物館實踐」。本研究期待透過提出「生態博物館關懷實踐模型」，為未來博物館發展提供兼具哲學倫理思考與實踐行動力的基礎，並強調透過關懷倫理視角深化社群參與，促進地方文化創生與永續發展。這不僅提升博物館的公共價值，也能為未來博物館政策規劃提供具體參考，推動更加多元涵容與關懷導向的博物館實踐。

Museums are not only institutions dedicated to the preservation of cultural heritage but also vital cultural spaces that shape diverse future values. Ecomuseums emphasize local cultural preservation, foster Community Participation, and promote environmental sustainability. However, challenges persist in balancing cultural and economic development, creating inclusive participation mechanisms, and addressing the ethical tensions between globalization and local identity. Care Ethics, which emphasizes relationships, responsibility, and action, provides a practice-oriented approach to these challenges. This study examines how ecomuseums can enhance their social role and integrate local cultural preservation with community care through the lens of Care Ethics. Using the Daxi Woodcraft Ecomuseum as a case study, this research employs literature analysis, in-depth interviews, and field investigations to develop the"Ecomuseum Care Practice Model" and examine the applicability of Care Ethics as an action-oriented approach. The findings underscore the compatibility between Care Ethics and ecomuseum practices, which can be examined through five key dimensions: (1) diversity among care recipients, (2) site-based and spatial care, (3) prioritization of relationships, (4) commitment and trust-building, and (5) learning to care and be cared for. Through the dual framework of the "Place-Based Care Community" and "Caring Place-Based Environment" ecomuseums can strengthen community interaction mechanisms and adopt a "responsive awareness and immediate action" strategy to effectively address local needs, thereby advancing cultural preservation and regeneration. This study highlights the reciprocal reinforcement between Care Ethics and ecomuseum practices. While ecomuseums validate the practical application of Care Ethics, Care Ethics enhances ecomuseum practices by extending beyond heritage preservation to emphasize relationship-building, local stewardship, and community reciprocity. The"Ecomuseum Care Practice Model" serves as a foundational framework for future museum development, integrating ethical reflection with practical action. By adopting a Care Ethics perspective, museums can enhance public value, support inclusive policy planning, and promote care-oriented practices that foster sustainable cultural development.