運用科技輔助運動課程進行身體活動介入提升機構住民的肌力、關節活動度、站立時間、自我效能和生活滿意度之研究

Abstract

背景：臺灣已進入超高齡社會，機構住民因肌力、關節活動度與平衡能力下降影響日常生活，為延緩衰弱與失能，運用科技輔助運動課程來增加或維持機構住民的日常生活行動能力。目的：本研究旨在探討運用科技輔助運動課程進行身體活動介入，對機構住民肌力、關節活動度、站立時間、自我效能與生活滿意度之成效。方法：研究採隨機對照試驗（Randomized Controlled Trial, RCT），以居住在長照機構且適合運動的住民為研究對象，依臨床衰弱量表選取脆弱及輕度衰弱者，共招募51位住民。經由黑白球隨機分為實驗組26人與對照組25人。實驗組接受八次的科技輔助運動課程介入，動作涵蓋肩頸胸、上肢與下肢等26個動作，透過高階顯示器示範並即時回饋動作表現；對照組則未接受運動課程。結果：本研究使用計力器、量角器、計時器與量表等工具，用來測量肌力、關節活動度、站立時間、自我效能與生活滿意度。研究結果顯示，實驗組在肌力、站立時間及自我效能有顯著提升，在關節活動度部分指標達顯著水準，而生活滿意度則未呈現顯著差異。結論：研究指出，科技輔助運動課程能部分提升機構住民的生理功能，亦能增強其信心與參與動機，具有臨床應用價值。建議未來研究可擴大樣本規模與範圍，並延長追蹤時間，以進一步驗證課程成效與持久性，亦可整合聲音導引、遊戲化設計與操作介面優化方案，提升課程之參與度與實用性。Background：Taiwan has entered a super-aged society. Residents in institutions often experience declines in muscle strength, joint mobility, and balance, which affect their daily activities. To delay frailty and disability, technology assisted physical activity program can help enhance or maintain functional abilities.Purpose：This study aims to investigate the effects of a technology assisted physical activity program as a physical activity intervention on muscle strength, joint mobility, standing time, self-efficacy, and life satisfaction among residents in institutions.Methods：This study adopted a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design, targeting residents in institutions who were deemed suitable for exercise. Based on the Clinical Frailty Scale, individuals classified as frail or mildly frail were selected, resulting in a total of 51 participants. Using a black-and-white ball randomization method, participants were assigned to either the experimental group (n = 26) or the control group (n = 25). The experimental group received eight sessions of a technology assisted physical activity program, which included 26 movements involving the neck, shoulders, chest, upper limbs, and lower limbs. These exercises were demonstrated via an advanced display system and provided real-time feedback on performance. The control group did not receive any exercise intervention.Results：This study utilized tools such as a dynamometer, goniometer, timer, and standardized questionnaires to measure muscle strength, joint mobility, standing duration, self-efficacy, and life satisfaction. The results indicated that the experimental group showed significant improvements in muscle strength, standing time, and self-efficacy. Some indicators of joint mobility also reached statistical significance. However, no significant difference was observed in life satisfaction.Conclusion：Research indicates that technology assisted physical activity program can partially improve the physiological functions of institutionalized residents, while also enhancing their psychological confidence and motivation to participate, demonstrating clinical applicability. Future studies are recommended to expand the sample size and scope, and to extend the follow-up period to further verify the effectiveness and sustainability of the program. Additionally, integrating voice guidance, gamified design, and interface optimization strategies may help enhance user engagement and practical applicability of the program.